Introduction to Probability Probabilities are associated with experiments where the outcome is not known in advance or cannot be predicted. For example, if you toss a coin, will you obtain a head or tail? If you roll a die will obtain 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6? Probability measures and quantifies "how likely" an event, related to these types of experiment, will happen. The value of a probability is a number between 0 and 1 inclusive. An event that cannot occur has a probability (of happening) equal to 0 and the probability of an event that is certain to occur has a probability equal to 1.(see probability scale below). In order to quantify probabilities, we need to define the sample space of an experiment and the events that may be associated with that experiment. Sample Space and Events The sample space is the set of all possible outcomes in an experiment. Example 1: If a die is rolled, the sample space S is given by S = {1,2,3,4,5,6} E...
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